Publications
Genetic diversity and evolution of the emerging picornavirus Senecavirus A
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging picornavirus that causes vesicular disease (VD) in swine. The virus has been circulating in swine in the United Stated (USA) since at least 1988, however, since 2014 a marked increase in the number of SVA outbreaks has been observed in swine worldwide.
A Novel Live Attenuated Vaccine Candidate Protects Against Heterologous Senecavirus A Challenge
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging picornavirus causing vesicular disease (VD) clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in pigs. Currently there are no vaccines currently available for SVA. Here we developed a recombinant SVA strain (rSVAm SacII) using reverse genetics and assessed its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in pigs.
Identification and genetic characterization of a porcine hepe-astrovirus (bastrovirus) in the United States
Abstract
Here we describe the identification and genetic characterization of a porcine hepe-astrovirus, or bastrovirus, obtained from feces from pigs in the United States. The genome of the new bastrovirus is 5,955 nt long and contains two open reading frames (ORFs).
Deletion of the thymidine kinase gene attenuates Caprine alphaherpesvirus 1 in goats
Highlights
•Deletion of the tk gene from the CpHV-1 genome attenuates the virus in goats.
•Traditional infection/transfection resulted in efficient CpHV-1 recombination.
•Both parental and tk-deleted viruses established latency in neurons of the trigeminal ganglia.
Persistent Infection and Transmission of Senecavirus A from Carrier Sows to Contact Piglets
Abstract Senecavirus A (SVA) is a picornavirus that causes acute vesicular disease (VD), that is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), in pigs. Notably, SVA RNA has been detected in lymphoid tissues of infected animals several weeks following resolution of the clinical disease, suggesting that the virus may persist in select host tissues.
Senecavirus A 3C Protease Mediates Host Cell Apoptosis Late in Infection
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), an oncolytic picornavirus used for cancer treatment in humans, has recently emerged as a vesicular disease (VD)-causing agent in swine worldwide. Notably, SVA-induced VD is indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and other high-consequence VDs of pigs.
Detection of Fowlpox virus carrying distinct genome segments of Reticuloendotheliosis virus
Abstract
Highlights
•Two distinct FWPV populations were detected in the skin of a wild bird affected with FWPV.
•Metagenomics revealed two FWPV genome populations containing the insertion of REV LTR or the full-length provirus.
Pathogenicity and cross-reactive immune responses of a historical and a contemporary Senecavirus A strains in pigs
Abstract
The goals of this study were to compare the pathogenicity and infection dynamics of a historical and a contemporary SVA strains (SVV 001 and SD15-26) and to assess cross-neutralizing and cross-reactive T cell responses following experimental infection in pigs.
Passive immunity to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus following immunization of pregnant gilts with a recombinant orf virus vector expressing the spike protein
Abstract
Passive immunity is critical for protection of neonatal piglets against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Here, we investigated the immunogenicity of an orf virus (ORFV) vector expressing the full-length spike (S) protein of PEDV (ORFV-PEDV-S) in pregnant gilts and its ability to confer passive immunity and protection in piglets.
Adaptive immune responses following Senecavirus A infection in pigs
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), an emerging picornavirus of swine, causes vesicular disease (VD) that is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in pigs. Many aspects of SVA interactions with the host and the host immune responses to infection, however, remain unknown.
Immunogenicity of ORFV-based vectors expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein in livestock species
Abstract
The parapoxvirus Orf virus (ORFV) encodes several immunomodulatory proteins (IMPs) that modulate host-innate and pro-inflammatory responses and has been proposed as a vaccine delivery vector for use in animal species.
A novel bovine papillomavirus type in the genus Dyokappapapillomavirus
Abstract
Papillomaviruses are a diverse group of viruses that are known to infect a wide range of animal species. Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) are divided into at least 21 genotypes (BPV1 to BPV21), with most BPV isolates/strains described to date belonging to one of four genera, including Deltapapillomavirus, Xipapillomavirus, Epsilonpapillomavirus and Dyoxipapillomavirus.
The S2 glycoprotein subunit of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus contains immunodominant neutralizing epitopes
Abstract
The porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) spike (S) protein is the major target of neutralizing antibodies against PEDV. Here immunodominant neutralizing epitopes of PEDV were identified using a panel of S-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).
Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Parapoxvirus Expressing the Spike Protein of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus.
Abstract
The parapoxvirus Orf virus (ORFV), has long been recognized for its immunomodulatory properties in permissive and non-permissive animal species. Here, a new recombinant ORFV expressing the full-length spike (S) protein of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was generated and its immunogenicity and protective efficacy were evaluated in pigs.
Detection of the emerging picornavirus Senecavirus A in pigs, mice, and houseflies
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging picornavirus that has been recently associated with an increased number of outbreaks of vesicular disease and neonatal mortality in swine. Many aspects of SVA infection biology and epidemiology remain unknown.
Prevalence of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci Species in Minced Buffalo Meat of Chitwan, Nepal
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a significant public health problem both in human and veterinary medicine. Strains of S. aureus resistant to β-lactam antibiotics are known as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in dairy farms of Pokhara, Nepal.
Abstract
MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) are the strains of S. aureus that are resistant to all the β-lactam antibiotics. MRSA has received a lot of attention in recent years as a zoonotic organism when studies suggested the possibility of animals serving as reservoirs for human MRSA infection.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) in Cattle: Epidemiology and Zoonotic Implications
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a significant public health problem both in human and veterinary medicine. Strains of S. aureus resistant to β-lactam antibiotics are known as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Study on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in calves and HIV infected humans in the periphery of river basins of Kathmandu valley
Abstract
Introduction: Cryptosporidium is an important zoonotic pathogen transmitted primarily through water. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium in calves and humans in relation to the river water in the river basins of Kathmandu.